View of Dublin and the River Liffey, Ireland

Moving to Ireland

Europe's tech hub on the shores of the Atlantic

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European UnionCurrency: EuroCorporate tax 12.5% / Tech hubCapital: DublinEnglish-speakingGoogle, Apple, Meta

Factsheet: Ireland

Ireland is an island nation in Northwestern Europe, an EU member since 1973 and a Eurozone member since 1999. The quintessential English-speaking EU country, it has become the European headquarters for virtually all major global tech companies: Google, Apple, Meta, Microsoft, Amazon, LinkedIn and dozens more have chosen Dublin as their European base. This global tech hub status is largely explained by a corporate tax rate of 12.5%, one of the lowest in the OECD, combined with a qualified English-speaking workforce and privileged access to the European single market. For anyone looking to build a career in the international tech sector, accelerate their professional growth in a dynamic English-speaking environment or start a business with advantageous corporate taxation, Ireland offers unique opportunities in Europe — at the cost of one of the continent's highest living expenses.

🇮🇪
Ireland
Europe's tech hub on the shores of the Atlantic
Capital
Dublin
Official language
English (Irish Gaelic, co-official language)
Currency
Euro (€)
Population
~5.1 million
Timezone
UTC+0 (UTC+1 in summer)
🇪🇺 European Union
Yes, since 1973
Digital nomad visa
No, EU free movement sufficient
Cost of living (vs Paris)
~20 to 30% more expensive

Why choose Ireland?

Ireland combines a unique strategic position in Europe: global tech hub, among the OECD's most attractive corporate tax rates, English-speaking EU country and direct access to the major tech company ecosystem. This cocktail attracts talent from around the world, including many French professionals in tech, finance and consulting. Here are the six major advantages for an expat.

💼
Essential European tech hub
Google, Apple, Meta, Microsoft, Amazon, Airbnb, LinkedIn, Twitter, Stripe... Their European headquarters are all in Dublin. The Irish tech job market is one of the most dynamic and best-paid in Europe.
📊
Corporate tax at 12.5%, among the lowest in the OECD
The 12.5% corporate tax rate has been the cornerstone of Irish attractiveness for thirty years. It applies to most active business income, making Ireland a prime base for European structures.
🌐
English-speaking EU country
English is the dominant working language, which greatly facilitates professional and social integration. No language barrier with the multinationals based in Dublin.
🌍
European Union member
Free movement for EU citizens, single market, European legal protection. Ireland remained in the EU after Brexit, strengthening its role as a European gateway for English-speaking businesses.
💰
Remittance basis regime for non-domiciled
Non-domiciled residents in Ireland can opt for the remittance basis, which taxes foreign income and gains only if they are remitted to Ireland. A significant tax advantage under certain conditions.
🎓
International ecosystem and accelerated careers
Dublin is a city of young internationals with palpable entrepreneurial energy. Networking opportunities, upskilling and career advancement in the tech sector are exceptional.

Visa & Residence

As a French citizen, you benefit from EU free movement and can settle in Ireland without any visa. Ireland does not have a specific digital nomad visa, but the EU free movement framework is sufficient for French nationals. The country's tax specificities (remittance basis) deserve particular attention depending on your situation.

EU free movement for French nationals

As an EU citizen, you need no visa to enter and settle in Ireland. Unlike other European countries, Ireland does not require mandatory formal registration for EU citizens. However, it is recommended to obtain a PPS card (Personal Public Service Number) upon arrival. This is the Irish tax and social identification number, essential for working, opening a bank account, accessing public services and renting housing. The PPS card is obtained at the Department of Social Protection by appointment.

Duration
Indefinite, no stay limit
Min. income
None
Timeline
Immediate
Target
Free
First thing to do upon arrival: obtain your PPS Number, essential for working, paying taxes and accessing public services in Ireland.

Remittance Basis regime (non-domiciled)

This specific tax regime is available to individuals who are resident in Ireland but not domiciled in Ireland (domicile in the Irish sense refers to the country of your permanent birth or chosen domicile, distinct from simple residence). For a French national newly settled in Ireland, this non-domiciled status may apply in the early years. Under this regime, only foreign income and gains actually remitted to Ireland are subject to Irish tax. Foreign income kept outside Ireland escapes Irish taxation. This regime is time-limited and subject to complex rules.

Warning: this regime is complex and absolutely requires specialist tax advice before making any decisions. Misapplication can result in heavy tax penalties.

Global Talent Visa (for non-EU nationals)

For non-European nationals wishing to settle in Ireland in the tech or innovation sector, the Critical Skills Employment Permit is the main pathway. It targets professionals in shortage sectors (tech, healthcare, finance) with a job offer from an Irish employer. Duration is 2 years, renewable, with a path to permanent residency. This visa does not apply to French citizens who benefit from EU free movement.

Cost of living

Ireland, and Dublin in particular, is one of Europe's most expensive destinations. The housing crisis is structural and ongoing: housing supply has not kept pace with demand, particularly in Dublin, pushing rents to levels that can exceed parts of London. Despite high tech-sector salaries, the cost of living remains a shock for newly arrived French expats. Cork, Galway and other cities are more affordable, but remain significantly more expensive than Paris for housing.

Estimated monthly budget: 2,200 - 3,500 EUR/month

Expense Monthly amount
Rent 1 bed, city center Dublin 1,800 - 2,500 EUR
Rent 1 bed, Dublin suburbs or other cities 1,100 - 1,600 EUR
Groceries 250 - 400 EUR
Restaurants 200 - 350 EUR
Transport (Luas, DART, Dublin bus) 80 - 130 EUR
Fiber internet 40 - 60 EUR
Private health insurance 80 - 200 EUR

📊 Taxation

Irish taxation operates at two speeds: very attractive for companies (12.5% corporate tax), but heavier for individuals with a two-bracket income tax whose top rate reaches 40%. The Irish system also includes mandatory social charges (PRSI and USC) added to income tax. The France-Ireland tax treaty prevents double taxation. For high earners, the remittance basis regime can offer tax planning opportunities under strict conditions.

Income tax (IT)
20% up to 42,000 EUR/year (single), then 40% above. Plus PRSI (4%) and USC (between 0.5% and 8% depending on brackets).
Corporate tax (CT)
12.5% on active income (trading income). 25% on passive income (investments, royalties). One of the lowest rates in the OECD.
Standard VAT
23% (standard rate). 13.5% on certain services (restaurants, construction). 9% on newspapers, books and some sports equipment.
France-Ireland tax treaty
Double taxation avoided. Income is in principle taxable in the country of residence. A case-by-case analysis is recommended for complex situations.
Remittance Basis regime
Available to non-domiciled individuals. Only foreign income remitted to Ireland is taxable. Complex regime requiring specialist tax advice.

🚀 For entrepreneurs

Ireland is one of the best addresses in Europe for creating and growing a business, thanks to its 12.5% corporate tax rate, dense tech ecosystem and numerous entrepreneurship support programs. Enterprise Ireland, the government's economic development agency, offers funding and support for Irish startups or businesses looking to establish in Ireland. The country has produced several major unicorns including Stripe, Intercom and Hostelworld.

Creating a Limited Company (Ltd)
The Irish equivalent of an LLC. Minimum capital of 1 EUR. Registration with the CRO (Companies Registration Office) online in 3 to 5 days. Requirement to have a director resident in Ireland or to take out a specific insurance bond.
12.5% corporate tax — The cornerstone of attractiveness
The 12.5% rate applies to active income (trading activity). It has enabled Ireland to attract the European headquarters of Google, Apple, Meta and dozens of other multinationals. One of the most powerful levers for European entrepreneurs.
R&D and tax credits
Ireland offers a generous R&D tax credit: 25% of R&D expenditure is deductible on top of the normal deduction, for a total effective benefit of 37.5%. Very attractive for tech and innovation companies.
Access to capital and venture funds
Dublin has a developed venture capital ecosystem with funds like Frontline Ventures, Kernel Capital and Molten Ventures. Enterprise Ireland co-invests with private funds in high-potential Irish startups.

❤️ Healthcare

The Irish health system is public (HSE, Health Service Executive) but faces significant criticism regarding waiting times, particularly for specialist care. General practice (GP) is private and paid, with consultations around 50 to 70 EUR. For residents who work and contribute (Medical Card or GP Visit Card depending on income), some costs are covered. The vast majority of expats opt for supplementary private health insurance (Irish Life Health, Laya Healthcare, VHI) to avoid public system delays.

Public system (HSE)
Theoretically universal access but significant waiting times for specialists. Emergency care is free unless referred to a specialist. GP consultation: 50 to 70 EUR.
Medical Card and GP Visit Card
The Medical Card provides free access to GPs and some medications for the lowest incomes. The GP Visit Card covers GP consultations only. Strict income criteria.
Private health insurance recommended
80 to 200 EUR/month for local private insurance (VHI, Laya Healthcare, Irish Life Health). Provides access to private hospitals with greatly reduced waiting times compared to the public system.
Dental care
Not covered by the public system for adults (except Medical Card holders). Rates higher than in France. Average budget of 100 to 200 EUR per routine dentist visit.

Where to live

Ireland is a relatively small country but its cities have very distinct personalities. Dublin concentrates the bulk of professional opportunities in tech and finance. Cork is the second city, with a growing startup scene. Galway attracts with its artistic atmosphere and access to the wild west. Limerick and Waterford offer a more affordable cost of living.

Dublin
Dublin
European capital of tech, headquarters of Google (6,000 employees), Apple, Meta, Stripe. Intense cultural life, historic pubs, Temple Bar. Rent 1,800-2,500 EUR/month city center. The housing crisis is real but the job market is exceptional.
Best for: Tech executives, entrepreneurs, young professionals
Cork
Cork
Ireland's second city, acclaimed food scene, Apple has its largest European campus here. More affordable than Dublin, small-city feel. Rent 1,200-1,800 EUR/month. Cork University (UCC) creates a dynamic student energy.
Best for: Families, tech professionals, students
Galway
Galway
Artistic city on the west coast, annual culture festival, village feel in a city setting. Access to the spectacular Connemara landscapes. Rent 1,200-1,700 EUR/month. Growing French community.
Best for: Artists, remote workers, nature lovers
Limerick
Limerick
City undergoing positive transformation, cultural initiatives, cost of living significantly lower than Dublin. Well connected by train and motorway. Government-supported economic development zone. Rent 900-1,300 EUR/month.
Best for: Families, budget-conscious, SMEs
Waterford
Waterford
Ireland's oldest city, Viking heritage, world-famous Waterford Crystal. Very affordable, warm local community. Good road access to Dublin (2h). Rent 800-1,200 EUR/month.
Best for: Retirees, families, remote workers

Drawbacks to know

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Structural housing crisis
Ireland, and Dublin in particular, faces a chronic housing shortage that has persisted for years. Rents have reached extreme levels, availability is limited and competition is intense. It is the number one obstacle cited by expats considering leaving Ireland.
💸
Among the highest costs of living in Europe
Outside high tech salaries, the Irish cost of living is shocking for French newcomers. Groceries, restaurants, transport, insurance: everything is noticeably more expensive than in France. A family will struggle on less than 3,500 EUR/month in Dublin.
☁️
Grey and rainy climate year-round
Ireland is known for its 150 to 200 rainy days per year. The sky is often overcast, summers are mild but rarely sunny. For someone from southern France, this climate change can weigh heavily on morale.
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Insufficient public transport outside Dublin
Dublin has a bus, tram (Luas) and commuter rail (DART) network, but intercity connections are inadequate. Outside the capital, a car is virtually essential for getting around.
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High personal income tax for high earners
Despite the advantageous corporate tax, personal income tax is heavy: up to 40% + PRSI + USC, meaning an effective burden that can exceed 50% for high earners. Ireland is advantageous for businesses, less so for the highest-paid employees.
🏥
Health system under pressure
Waiting times in the public system are notorious. Private insurance is virtually mandatory for accessing care within reasonable timeframes, representing a significant additional monthly cost.

Frequently asked questions

Is Ireland really tax-advantageous for a French entrepreneur? +
For a company, yes: the 12.5% corporate tax is one of the lowest in the OECD. For a salaried employee or sole trader, the answer is much less clear: Irish income tax can reach 40% + PRSI + USC, meaning a total tax burden exceeding 50% for high earners. The tax advantage is therefore primarily for corporate structures, not for high-income individuals.
How does the remittance basis regime work in Ireland? +
This regime allows non-domiciled residents in Ireland to be taxed on foreign income and gains only if those amounts are actually remitted to Ireland. Foreign income kept abroad thus escapes Irish taxation. This regime is complex, regularly evolving and requires specialist tax advice. A French national newly settled may potentially benefit, but a personalized analysis is essential before taking any action.
How much do you need to earn to live comfortably in Dublin? +
As a couple without children, expect a minimum of 5,000 EUR net/month to live comfortably in Dublin with decent housing. A gross annual salary of 60,000 to 80,000 EUR is generally recommended for a correct lifestyle. In the tech sector, such salaries are achievable with experience. With children, add childcare costs (very expensive in Ireland, up to 1,500 EUR/month) and possibly private school.
Is it easy to find a tech job in Dublin? +
Dublin is one of the best cities in the world for finding a tech job. Google, Meta, LinkedIn, Salesforce, HubSpot, Stripe and dozens of others recruit constantly. Profiles in software engineering, data, cybersecurity, product management and fintech are highly sought after. Professional English proficiency is obviously essential. The market can fluctuate with economic cycles (the 2022-2023 layoff plans affected Dublin), but remains structurally favorable.
Is Ireland a good country for families? +
Ireland can be a good country for families, but the cost of living is a major obstacle. Childcare (creches) is among the most expensive in Europe, sometimes around 1,500 EUR/month. Public primary and secondary education is of good quality. Safety is high, green spaces are plentiful and the pace of life outside Dublin can be very pleasant for families. With a good tech salary, family quality of life in Ireland is excellent.
Ireland or the Netherlands for a European entrepreneur? +
Both countries are major European hubs but with different profiles. Ireland offers 12.5% corporate tax, English as the working language and access to the American tech ecosystem. The Netherlands offers the 30% ruling for expats (30% salary exemption for 5 years), better transport infrastructure and faster continental access. If you recruit English-speaking profiles and target the US market, Ireland is often superior. If you target the continental European market and prefer Amsterdam to Dublin, the Netherlands is an excellent alternative.

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